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寄存器全称

AH&AL＝AX(accumulator)：累加寄存器

BH&BL＝BX(base)：基址寄存器

CH&CL＝CX(count)：计数寄存器

DH&DL＝DX(data)：数据寄存器

SP（Stack Pointer）：堆栈指针寄存器

BP（Base Pointer）：基址指针寄存器

SI（Source Index）：源变址寄存器

DI（Destination Index）：目的变址寄存器

IP（Instruction Pointer）：指令指针寄存器

CS（Code Segment）代码段寄存器

DS（Data Segment）：数据段寄存器

SS（Stack Segment）：堆栈段寄存器

ES（Extra Segment）：附加段寄存器

OF overflow flag 溢出标志 操作数超出机器能表示的范围表示溢出,溢出时为1.

SF sign Flag 符号标志 记录运算结果的符号,结果负时为1.

ZF zero flag 零标志 运算结果等于0时为1,否则为0.

CF carry flag 进位标志 最高有效位产生进位时为1,否则为0.

AF auxiliary carry flag 辅助进位标志 运算时,第3位向第4位产生进位时为1,否则为0.

PF parity flag 奇偶标志 运算结果操作数位为1的个数为偶数个时为1,否则为0.

DF direcion flag 方向标志 用于串处理.DF=1时,每次操作后使SI和DI减小.DF=0时则增大.

IF interrupt flag 中断标志 IF=1时,允许CPU响应可屏蔽中断,否则关闭中断.

TF trap flag 陷阱标志 用于调试单步操作.

指令全称

1、通用数据传送指令

MOV—-> move MOVSX—->extended move with sign data MOVZX—->extended move with zero data PUSH—->push POP—->pop PUSHA—->push all POPA—->pop all PUSHAD—->push all data POPAD—->pop all data BSWAP—->byte swap XCHG—->exchange CMPXCHG—->compare and change XADD—->exchange and add XLAT—->translate

2、输入输出端口传送指令

IN—->input OUT—->output

3、目的地址传送指令

LEA—->load effective address，加载有效的地址 LDS—->load DS 加载数据段 LES—->load ES 加载附加段 LFS—->load FS 加载标记段 LGS—->load GS 加载全局段 LSS—->load SS 加载堆栈段

4、标志传送指令

LAHF—->load AH from flag SAHF—->save AH to flag PUSHF—->push flag POPF—->pop flag PUSHD—->push dflag POPD—->pop dflag

二、算术运算指令

ADD—->add ADC—->add with carry INC—->increase 1 AAA—->ascii add with adjust DAA—->decimal add with adjust SUB—->substract SBB—->substract with borrow DEC—->decrease 1 NEC—->negative CMP—->compare AAS—->ascii adjust on substract DAS—->decimal adjust on substract MUL—->multiplication IMUL—->integer multiplication AAM—->ascii adjust on multiplication DIV—->divide IDIV—->integer divide AAD—->ascii adjust on divide CBW—->change byte to word CWD—->change word to double word CWDE—->change word to double word with sign to EAX CDQ—->change double word to quadrate word

三、逻辑运算指令

AND—->and OR—->or XOR—->xor NOT—->not TEST—->test SHL—->shift left SAL—->arithmatic shift left SHR—->shift right SAR—->arithmatic shift right ROL—->rotate left ROR—->rotate right RCL—->rotate left with carry RCR—->rotate right with carry

四、串指令

MOVS—->move string CMPS—->compare string SCAS—->scan string LODS—->load string STOS—->store string REP—->repeat REPE—->repeat when equal REPZ—->repeat when zero flag REPNE—->repeat when not equal REPNZ—->repeat when zero flag REPC—->repeat when carry flag REPNC—->repeat when not carry flag

五、程序转移指令

1>无条件转移指令(长转移)

JMP—->jump CALL—->call RET—->return RETF—->return far

2>条件转移指令(短转移,-128到+127的距离内)

JAE—->jump when above or equal JNB—->jump when not below JB—->jump when below JNAE—->jump when not above or equal JBE—->jump when below or equal JNA—->jump when not above JG—->jump when greater JNLE—->jump when not less or equal JGE—->jump when greater or equal JNL—->jump when not less JL—->jump when less JNGE—->jump when not greater or equal JLE—->jump when less or equal JNG—->jump when not greater JE—->jump when equal JZ—->jump when has zero flag JNE—->jump when not equal JNZ—->jump when not has zero flag JC—->jump when has carry flag JNC—->jump when not has carry flag JNO—->jump when not has overflow flag JNP—->jump when not has parity flag JPO—->jump when parity flag is odd JNS—->jump when not has sign flag JO—->jump when has overflow flag JP—->jump when has parity flag JPE—->jump when parity flag is even JS—->jump when has sign flag

3>循环控制指令(短转移)

LOOP—->loop LOOPE—->loop equal LOOPZ—->loop zero LOOPNE—->loop not equal LOOPNZ—->loop not zero JCXZ—->jump when CX is zero JECXZ—->jump when ECX is zero

4>中断指令

INT—->interrupt INTO—->overflow interrupt IRET—->interrupt return

5>处理器控制指令

HLT—->halt WAIT—->wait ESC—->escape LOCK—->lock NOP—->no operation STC—->set carry CLC—->clear carry CMC—->carry make change STD—->set direction CLD—->clear direction STI—->set interrupt CLI—->clear interrupt

六、伪指令

DW—->definw word PROC—->procedure ENDP—->end of procedure SEGMENT—->segment ASSUME—->assume ENDS—->end segment END—->end